Triple infection with HIV-1, HTLV-1 and Strongyloides stercoralis, rendering CD4+ T-cell counts a misleading entity.
نویسندگان
چکیده
We report the case of a Gabonese HIV-patient who presented with haemoptysis, weight loss, fulminant diarrhoea and subsequent ileus and elevated CD4+ T-cell counts. He was diagnosed with Strongyloides stercoralis and human T-lymphotrophic virus type-1 infection. After treatment of the strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome, his CD4+ T-cell counts dropped greatly. The initially elevated CD4+ T-cell counts were misleading to the clinicians with regard to decision-making on antiretroviral therapy initiation.
منابع مشابه
Regulatory T Cell Expansion in HTLV-1 and Strongyloidiasis Co-infection Is Associated with Reduced IL-5 Responses to Strongyloides stercoralis Antigen
BACKGROUND Human strongyloidiasis varies from a chronic but limited infection in normal hosts to hyperinfection in patients treated with corticosteroids or with HTLV-1 co-infection. Regulatory T cells dampen immune responses to infections. How human strongyloidiasis is controlled and how HTLV-1 infection affects this control are not clear. We hypothesize that HTLV-1 leads to dissemination of St...
متن کاملHelminthic infection down-regulates type 1 immune responses in human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) carriers and is more prevalent in HTLV-1 carriers than in patients with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis.
Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection is associated with an exacerbated type 1 immune response and secretion of high levels of proinflammatory cytokines. In contrast, helminthic infection induces a type 2 immune response. In the present study, the cytokine profile in HTLV-1 carriers coinfected with helminths (Strongyloides stercoralis and/or Schistosoma mansoni) was compared...
متن کاملEpidemiological and clinical interaction between HTLV-1 and Strongyloides stercoralis.
Strongyloides stercoralis is the most common human parasitic nematode that is able to complete a life cycle and proliferate within its host. The majority of patients with strongyloidiasis have an asymptomatic infection or mild disease. However, when autoinfection occurs, a high number of infecting larvae can gain access to the bloodstream by penetrating the colonic mucosa leading to a severe hy...
متن کامل[Combined infection with HTLV-1 and Strongyloides stercoralis].
Infection of carriers of strongyloides by the human oncogenic retrovirus HTLV-1 significantly augments the number of larval parasites in the stools and impairs the action of anti-helminthic agents, resulting in an increase in immediate and longer term failure of therapy. The proliferation of cytokine type 1 secreting lymphocytes, the preferred target for viral infection, shifts the Th1/Th2 bala...
متن کاملPrevalence and Correlates of Helminth Co-infection in Kenyan HIV-1 Infected Adults
BACKGROUND Deworming HIV-1 infected individuals may delay HIV-1 disease progression. It is important to determine the prevalence and correlates of HIV-1/helminth co-infection in helminth-endemic areas. METHODS HIV-1 infected individuals (CD4>250 cells/ul) were screened for helminth infection at ten sites in Kenya. Prevalence and correlates of helminth infection were determined. A subset of in...
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Antiviral therapy
دوره 18 7 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2013